Apparatus for



July 24, 1923. 1,462,903

- s. E. FlNLEY APPARATUS FOR APPLYING BINDING MEDIA TO ROAD SURFACES origina l Filed Sept. 21 1921 Patented July 24, 1923.

\ ,UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

f I mana'rus non APPLYING BINDING MEDIA T ROAD SURFACES.

Original application filed September 21, 1921, Serial No. 502,264. Divided and this application fled March 20, 1922. Serial No. 545,237.

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that'I, SAM E. FINLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Atlanta, in thecounty of Fulton and State of Georgia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Applying Binding Media to Road Surfaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, suchas will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertainsto make and use the same. This application i's a division of prior application Serial No; 502,264, filed September 21, 1921, andthe invention relates to apparatus for applyingbinding media to road surfaces in the form, of sprays and has for its'object to insure a uniform distribution of the binder to the surface of the road and the application of a sufficient and uniform quantity of the medium to the lateral marginal edges of the road toefi'ect an eflicient cementing of the mineral aggregate at said edges to seal, the latter against the entrance of moisture and prevent the material scouring off or ravellingiout under the wheels of trailic, at or adjacentsaid edges,

In the application of bituminous and similar binding media to the surface of roadways cons stin g of brokenstone, gravel, or

"other mineral :aggregatait has been practically impossible to effect a sufiiciently unieffect oftraflic, since, with all the ordinary forms ,of', nozzles, whether they deliver a conicalor fan, shaped spray, there isalways a suflicie'nt overlap of the, applied material to equalize the distribution over the main port onflof. the oadway, which overlapping and, equa ization, however, does not pre- 'vail at the 'sides or marginal edges of the road, where the medium, is applied by a "single nozzle. I The result of this mode ofap- ,plication thatrthe marginal edges of the road 1 or vpavement,even where a curb or header is employed, do not receive sufiicient binding medium to produce a thorough .zce-

,menting of the mineral aggregate. or to properly ,water-proof the said edges, sothat I the latter will be brokenj'down rapidly by the .efiects of traflic or ofthe weather. The result is that the portions of the roadway which should be the strongest, to wit, the

fmarginal edges, have always proven the wveakest, and disintegration of the road surfaceusually begins and is more pronounced at the edges. The present invention completely and satisfactorily remedies these difiiculties and produces a roadway which is quite-as strong, if notstronger, along the marginal edges thereof, to resist the disintegrating effects of traflic and the weather, as the portions of the roadway between the edge portions.

To effect these objects, the invention involves a mode of applying the binding medium to the mineral aggregate at the marginal edges of the roadway or pavement in longitudinal strips of 'sufiicient width to define a header or curb, and in suificient quantity to effect a thorough cementing together ,of the aggregate for the full depth thereof, ,whether the aggregate includes the baseor foundation andthe wearing course or the wearing course alone, the desired result 1 beingaccomplished by supplying the marginal strips of the roadway, which areto i constitute the curbs or headers, with asuificientv excessof the binding media notonly to secure the desired and indicatedcementing effect, but also to thoroughly coatand impregnate the marginal edges to exclude water and moisture from the interior of the road structure.

j The invention further contemplates the provision of a relatively simple and effective form of apparatus for producing theresult aforesaid, in the form of a spray header, attached to, a suitable, distributing vtank. which header is provided with a series of conical.jet nozzles arranged longitudinally= of the header, and designed to produce overlapping jets or sprays, over theentire road surface, and atransverse series of jet nozzles located at theend or ends of the header,

said transverse nozzles being either of suf- ,ficient size, or in suflicient numbers, to ,de-

liver the binding mediumto the marginal edge or edgesiof the roadway, in sufiicient quantity, uniformly applied, to completely impregnate and bind together the material at said marginal edges, the amount of'the binding medium 'sorapplied usually ,being somewhat in excess ofthe amount applied tothe parts of the roadway intermediate the curb or headers.

out the method aforesaid is illustrated in the accompanying,- drawings, in which.

FigFl is a fragmentary vertical elevation of the spray-header, adapted to function as indicated;

Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof;

Fig. 3 is an end elevation.

Fig. 4: is an elevation of one of the nozzle broken away in part to show the valve for controlling the nozzle opening.

Referring to the drawings, 1 and 2 represent the parallel conductor members of a distributor header, which may be connected in the usual manner at the rear of a tank wagon, or, if desired, disposed laterally of the wagon and at the rear thereof as exemplified in my companion application Serial No. 334,315. filed October 29, 1919. Each of the header pipes 1 and 2 is provided with a longitudinal series of conical jet spray nozzle 3 and 4 respectively which deliver overlapping sprays of the binding medium to the road surface, so that a regulable but uniform layer of binding medium is applied tothe road surface. At the end 5 of the header there is provided a transverse series of similar spray nozzles 66 which deliver overlapping and successive layers of binding medium to the subjacent portion of the road surface. so that the section of the roadway underlying these trans verse nozzles receives an amount ofthe binding medium in excess of that received by the other portions of the road surface, and which not only serves to bind the mineral aggregate constituting the curbs or headers firmlytogeth'er, and' 'fur'nish a reserve of binding medium to replace that which may evaporate or be otherwise displaced, but also effects a complete sealing 'of the voids or interstices in the structure of the curb or header to'prevent theaccess of moisture to the interior structure of the roadway, there by obviatinglthe dangers of disintegration ofthe road structure due to the water washing out the binding medium and, what is more serious cons'iderat iomthe freezing of the water within the road structure. Itwill be'understood that the individual nozzles inc ude means for excluding them from operation, so'that all or any par'ticularnumber' of the nozzles maybe operated as; desired. In

the particular form 'of nozzle shown, the

conical 9a" 10 containing the discharge orifi ce 11 isgadjust ably threaded to t'he body portion, so f tliat' the orifice maybe cornpl'etefl'v' closed or opened to" any desired exby a'stationar'y ne'edle valve 12, located ax all in the nozzle, by turning th cap portion up or down onfthe bodyportion.

In applying the invention tov thecon strue of a roadway' which involves the laying of a suitable foundation and superposition o a"weariii'g'surfa'ce'of mineral aggregate, when the foundation is of a' character to binding media, to the" marginal edges of exclude moisture.

admit of the application of a bituminous or asphaltic binding mediuintothe lateral edges thereof, to form-the base or foundation of the curbs or headers, the lateral spray nozzles 6 alone may be operated to apply binding medium to the marginal edge or edges, in suflicient quantity to entirely coat the elements of the foundation, fill up the voids therein, and seal the edges of the foundation against the entrance of water. After the wearing surface, usually of broken stone, gravel, sand or other mineral aggregate has been applied to the foundation course, the entire header system is brought into operation to apply a uniform coating of the binding medium to the surface of the roadway in accurately reg-ulable quantities per given surface area, to bind the wearingcourse together and form a permanent wear resisting water-proof roadway, intermediate :noz- *1 zles 3 tinder, serving toeifect theuniform applic ion of the binding medium to road surface between the curb or header {sections, and the lateral nozzles. 6, effecting a relatively heavierapplication. of the binding medium to the 'curb or header sections, so that the curbs or headerswillbe constituted by what is in effect asphalt OI: bituminous concrete of a uniforrnand homogeneous structure throughout both the foun-f" a s I which are. u' iial b ende'd v de l s d. ea be, s. as amirably ad apte d to theapplicationof the roadways which are bounded curbing, gutters or sidewalks, in thatit insures, the apii i a o l i i i q aefiiti a. v th nd v a the P ts w ere t e a tru ture m eets the curbing, gutterlor sidewalk st u n; Where. h lqlder types. o ma- 1 chines and methods, asheretofore employed,

i va ia ly a upply s i en th fid rt ff a t oro h jemaiai m the elements .of the roadistructure jandto 1 When the road treatment involvesthe mere resurfacing or repair, without the r ebuilding'of the foundation, as fol-example, n a e s o be e rfaced W thminara aggregate, the latter is ap lied anddis; tributed uniformly over the road bed and properly worked and brought to grade, after whi h h in ng ed u s app ie t the surface layer in the mannerijust described,

the, marginal edges of suburban or rural ha is w i he i fe lsa l a e, noz e? f a each marginal edge of the roadway that will to the marginal edge transversed by these nozzles,so that the excess ofthe binding medium penetrates the entire bodyof the wearing course constituting the gutter, curb or header section, binds the same firmly to the foundation course, and seals the lateral faces of the wearing courseand the founda tion course against the entrance of water.

In bothmodes of application of'the invention, itwill be found entirely feasible to effectively build up a curb or header along be regular and uniform and as solid and wear resisting as a preformed and set curbing of concrete or macadam, that will not on y prevent the ravelling out, of the road surface at the edges, but will protect the entire road structure from the deleterious effects of the elements, as indicated. a

While the particular form ofheader illus trated shows a series of three transverse jet nozzles, itwill be'understood that this is merely exempla and that the same effect may be obtained liv employing two, or even a single jet nozzle capable of delivering larger quantities of binding medium per a unit of time than the individual units of the longitudinal series of jetnnozzles, so that a sufiicient quantity of the binding medium,

is uniformly applied, to the marginal edge or edges to effect a cor'nplete impregnation and bindin together of the material at the marginal e ges. y l

What I claim is: 1. Means for applying a coating of binding medium to a road surface, comprising a header having a longitudinal series of spray nozzles delivering overlapping sprays of the medium to the road surface, and means on the end of the header for delivering an excess of binding medium in uniform quantityyto the marginal edge of the roadway.

2. Means for applying a coating of binding medium to a road surface including the marginal edges thereof, comprising a header having a longitudinal series of spray nozzles delivering overlapping sprays of the medium to the road surface, and a transverse series of spray nozzles at the end of the header to deliver overlapping sprays at the lateral edge of the road surface. i 3. A spray header for road surfacin machines, comprising a longitudinal series of spray nozzles delivering overlapping sprays, and a transverse-series of similar spray nozzles at the end of the header.

4. A spray header for road surfacing machines, comprising a longitudinal series of spray nozzles deliverlng overlapping spra s, a transverse series of similar spray nozz es.

SAM nvnanr'r FINLEY. 

